'Osmosis hope (RO) ua hoʻololi ka ʻenehana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, hāʻawi i kahi ala hilinaʻi no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai inu maʻemaʻe mai nā kumu like ʻole. Ma ke ʻano he kanaka hohonu loa i ka noiʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana mālama wai, ʻike wau i nā loina ma hope o RO he mea hoihoi a pono hoʻi e hoʻomaopopo i ka poʻe e ʻimi nei e ʻike i kona pono.

Paʻihana Hana:

Hoʻohana ʻia ka reverse osmosis ma ke ʻano o ka ʻae ʻana i nā molekole solvent e hele i loko o kahi membrane semipermeable me ka hōʻole ʻana i nā mea haumia. Ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi, hoʻokaʻawale ia i ka wai maʻemaʻe mai nā haumia ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaomi e hoʻoikaika i ka wai ma o ka membrane e ālai ana i nā molekala a me nā ion. Hoʻopau maikaʻi kēia kaʻina hana i nā paʻakai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, bacteria, virus, a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe, e waiho ana ma hope o ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūpono no ka ʻai.

ʻO ka membrane RO, kahi mea koʻikoʻi, aia nā pores liʻiliʻi e hiki ai i nā molekole wai ke hele i ka wā e hopu ana i nā ʻāpana nui. ʻO kēia koho koho e hōʻoia i ka wai maʻemaʻe wale nō e hiki ke komo i ka membrane, ʻoiai e waiho ʻia nā mea haumia a holoi ʻia.

Ka pono o ka RO Membrane:

ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka membrane RO kahi mea nui i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pono holoʻokoʻa o ke kaʻina osmosis reverse. Hoʻohana maʻamau ia e ka pākēneka o nā mea haumia i lawe ʻia mai ka wai hānai, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka helu hōʻole.

Hoʻohanohano nā membrane RO i ka nui o ka wehe ʻana no nā ʻano mea haumia, me nā paʻakai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, nā metala kaumaha, a me nā pūhui organik. Hiki i nā membrane kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻokō i nā helu hōʻole ma mua o 99%, e hōʻoia ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka wai i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi.

I kēlā me kēia hihia, he mea nui ia e hoʻomaopopo i ka hopena o ka papa RO hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia e nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me ka maikaʻi o ka wai bolster, nā kūlana hana, a me ka astuteness layer..

Nā ʻano o nā membrane RO:

I kēia manawa ua hoʻopaʻa mākou i ka lula hana a me ka huahana o nā papa RO, e luʻu kākou i nā ʻano kiʻiʻoniʻoni RO koʻikoʻi ʻekolu i hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā noi mālama wai:

1. Nā Membrane Cellulose Acetate (CA):

ʻO nā membrane cellulose acetate kekahi o nā mea mua i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana RO kalepa. ʻAʻole kūʻai ʻia kēia mau membrane a loaʻa iā lākou ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka fouling organik, no laila kūpono lākou no ka mālama ʻana i nā wai hānai me ka haʻahaʻa a hiki i ka haʻahaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia nā membrane CA i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai i ka chlorine a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻole ʻana i kekahi mau mea haumia i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea membrane hou.

2. Nā Membrane Hui Kiʻiʻoniʻoni Uila (TFC):

Hōʻike nā membrane kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi i kahi holomua nui i ka ʻenehana membrane RO. Hōʻike kēia mau membrane i kahi papa polyamide lahilahi ma luna o kahi mea kākoʻo porous, e hāʻawi ana i nā helu hōʻole kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka fouling a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kemika. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā membrane TFC i nā ʻōnaehana RO noho, ʻoihana, a me nā ʻoihana ma muli o kā lākou hana maikaʻi a me ka lōʻihi.

3. Nā Membrane Polyamide Thin Film (PA):

ʻO nā membrane kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi polyamide e like me nā membrane TFC akā loaʻa kahi papa polyamide ʻoi aku ka nui, e hāʻawi ana i ka hiki ke hōʻole ʻia no nā mea paʻa a me nā mea haumia. Hōʻike nā membrane PA i ka hōʻole ʻana i ka paʻakai kiʻekiʻe a me ka permeate flux i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano membrane ʻē aʻe, e kūpono ana iā lākou no nā noi e koi ana i ka wai maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka desalination.

I ka hopena, hilinaʻi ka ʻenehana reverse osmosis i ka pilina paʻakikī o nā membrane semipermeable a hoʻohana i ke kaomi e hoʻopuka i ka wai maʻemaʻe a hoʻomaʻemaʻe. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā loina hana a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā membrane RO no ke koho ʻana i ka hopena kūpono loa no nā pono mālama wai.

E hoʻomaopopo ':

ʻAhahui Hana Wai ʻAmelika - Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology

US Environmental Protection Agency - Reverse Osmosis

Hui Pono Wai - Nā Pūnaehana Reverse Osmosis